Leading practices in supply chain planning abound. A simple Google search yielded more than 54 million results. Those practices include everything from sales and operations planning to material requirements planning and

demand management to vendor-managed inventory. And new principles in supply chain planning are constantly emerging, including demand shaping, demand sensing, and agile response.

目前供應鏈領域的領先做法比比皆是，在GOOGLE一個簡單的搜索都能找到五千四百萬條以上的結果。這包括了銷售計劃，運營計劃到材料的需求計劃，以及對于供應商的需求管理。供應鏈計劃當中一些新的原則正在不斷涌現(xiàn)，這其中包括了對需求的形成，需求感知以及對需求的快速響應等。

Rather than incorporate as many leading practices as possible, the best supply chain planning organizations pick appropriate leading practices as dictated by the markets they serve. Those practices are integrated together with the organization’s chosen technology platform to achieve desired competitive performance.

最好的供應鏈組織計劃是根據(jù)他們所服務的市場去選擇最合適的做法，而不是大量采用最先進的做法，再把這些先進的方法與組織已有的技術平臺相結合以達成更高的績效。

Sustained results from the best supply chain planning organizations include

最佳的供應鏈計劃所產生的持續(xù)成果應包括：

15 percent stockkeeping unit mean absolute percent error (MAPE) (for high profile products) and 20 percent weighted MAPE (covering the entire family)

0 percent improvement in manufacturing cost (labor productivity and product yield)

15 percent improvement in inventory turns

25 percent reduction in excess and obsolete inventory

20 percent improvement in delivery reliability

90 percent of new products launched on time

50 percent faster response to significant unplanned demand events

99.5 percent or more volume fill rates.

1. 15%庫存單位的平均百分比誤差（MAPE）（表現(xiàn)好的產品）以及20%的加權MAPE（涵蓋全線產品）

2.制造成本降低10%（由于勞動生產率和產品產量的提升）

3.庫存周轉率提高15％

4.過剩庫存和過期庫存減少25％

5.交付可靠性提高20％

6.90％的新產品按時推出

7.對計劃外的重大事件反應處理速度提高50%

8.99.5％或更多的（包裝）體積填充率。

While not incorporating all leading practices, there are seven basic principles that the best planning organizations adopt:

1.Systematic management of“master data”including key data fields for items, customers, manufacturing resources, and suppliers

2.Synchronized long-term, tactical, and execution planning processes, planning horizons, and intervals for data refresh

3.Mature collaborative processes for both key customers and suppliers reconciling forecast, orders, and usage or sell through

4.Data-oriented understanding of the inputs to the forecastincluding forecast error, cumulative bias, lift, new products, and year-end volume variation

5.Intense focus on “point-of-sale” or “sell-through” data (as opposed to sales orders and “sell in”)

6.Disciplined product lifecycle management process bridgingthe gap between product development and supply chain

7.A continuous improvement approach to understanding consumer or user behavior.

雖然沒有采用全部先進做法，但是最佳的組織規(guī)劃應當遵循下列7個原則：

1.關注“核心數(shù)據(jù)”的系統(tǒng)化管理，包含貨物,顧客,制造資源和供應商的數(shù)據(jù)

2.在數(shù)據(jù)同步更新的時候要注意制定一個長期的，具有策略性以及可執(zhí)行的方案

3.提供一套成熟的作業(yè)流程給主要的客戶和供應商，形成對訂單預測的能力，以便了解產品庫存狀況或便于進行銷售

4.基于數(shù)據(jù)導向的預測，數(shù)據(jù)包括預測誤差，累計偏差，新產品量，年終數(shù)據(jù)偏差等

5.關注“銷售點”或“通路（渠道）”的數(shù)據(jù)（而不僅僅是訂單數(shù)量和銷量）

6.有序的產品生命周期管理流程能夠縮短產品研發(fā)到產品流通（供應鏈）的距離

7.按照消費者的使用習慣以及反饋持續(xù)優(yōu)化并改進自己的產品